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''Anthodon'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Celastraceae.〔 Mark P. Simmons. 2004. "Celastraceae" pages 29-64. In: Klaus Kubitzki (editor). ''The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants'' vol. VI. Springer-Verlag: Berlin;Heidelberg, Germany.〕 It comprises two species of large woody vines〔 Albert C. Smith. 1940. "(Anthodon )" pages 418-423. In: "(The American Species of Hippocrateaceae )" ''Brittonia'' 3(3):341-555.〕 native to Central America and northern and Amazonian South America.〔 Anne R.A. Görts-van Rijn and Alberta M.W. Mennega. 1994. "Hippocrateaceae" monograph 110, pages 3-81. In: Anne R.A. Görts-van Rijn (editor). ''Flora of the Guianas'' volume 16. Koeltz Scientific Books: Czech Republic.〕 They are scattered throughout most of the neotropics, but are not common in any part of their range. They grow in wet forests from 100 m to 900 m in elevation. There is no known use of these vines by humans.〔 ==Description== ''Anthodon'' is a large liana. Its leaves are opposite or subopposite, simple, and with margins that are crenulate or serrulate. They are elliptic, 6 to 12 cm long, and 2.5 to 5 cm wide. The inflorescences are borne in the axils of the leaves, on peduncles 5 to 30 mm long. They are roughly flat-topped in shape, dichotomously branched, and bearing numerous flowers. The flowers are a greenish or pale yellow, fragrant, and 5 to 10 mm in diameter. They are bisexual and pentamerous, with the sepals and petals being completely free. The sepals and petals are serrate; the petals conspicuously so, often with each tooth tapering to a short hair. The stamens are three in number, equal, and ascending to erect. The filaments are short and broadened toward the base. The anthers are basifixed and broadly reniform, opening by a transverse, apical cleft. A nectary disk encircles the stamens. The ovary is 3-sided and 3-locular, with 8 to 14 ovules per locule. The placentation is axile. The style is short and stout, surmounted by three small, triangular stigmas, these located opposite the stamens. The fruit is distinctive, easily attracting attention by its odd appearance. There is usually only one per inflorescence. It has been described as three coherent capsules〔 and as a 3-locular caplule.〔〔 It is dorso-ventrally flattened into a disk which hangs lantern-like from the peduncle attached at its center. It is green and variable in size, up to 18 cm in diameter. In most of its close relatives, the three locules of the ovary become three separate fruits, but in ''Anthodon'', they are united for their entire length and over half their width into a trilobed capsule with a notch at the end of each lobe. At maturity, the capsule breaks into three pieces, with each locule splitting down the middle and the adjacent halves of the locules remaining fused, sometimes weakly so. Unlike many in Celastraceae, the seeds have no aril. Eight to 14 are crowded into each locule. The basal part of the seed is a membranous wing with a single, central vein that forms as a remnant of the funiculus. The embryoniferous part of the seed is near the edge of the capsule. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anthodon (plant)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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